The music world has suffered a profound loss with the death of the esteemed tabla maestro Zakir Hussain, who passed away at the age of 73 in San Francisco. His family announced that he succumbed to complications arising from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis after being hospitalized. Hussain had been receiving treatment for two weeks and was moved to the intensive care unit when his health deteriorated. His sister, Khurshid Aulia, reported that he departed "very peacefully" after the ventilation support was discontinued, at 4 PM San Francisco time.

Zakir Hussain was admitted due to blood pressure

Zakir Hussain was admitted to the hospital primarily due to issues related to blood pressure, as noted by his manager, Nirmala Bachani. Initial reports of his passing on Sunday were denied by his publicist. His family had requested prayers from fans worldwide for his recovery during his hospitalization.

On Monday, his family released an official statement regarding his death, highlighting his significant contributions as a teacher, mentor, and educator, which have profoundly influenced numerous musicians. They expressed that he aspired to inspire future generations to reach new heights. Hussain leaves behind an extraordinary legacy as a cultural ambassador and is regarded as one of the greatest musicians in history.

Born on March 9, 1951, he was the son of the illustrious tabla master Ustad Alla Rakha. He is survived by his wife, Antonia Minnecola, and their two daughters, Anisa and Isabella Qureshi.

What is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a long-term lung condition characterized by the gradual formation of scar tissue in the lungs. In healthy lungs, the air sacs, known as alveoli, facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. However, in individuals with IPF, these alveoli become thickened and rigid due to the accumulation of scar tissue, hindering the passage of oxygen. This condition results in symptoms such as shortness of breath, a persistent dry cough, and fatigue, which tend to worsen over time. Although there is currently no cure for IPF, various medications and therapeutic approaches can help to slow the disease's progression and alleviate its symptoms.

1. Shortness of breath, often the initial symptom, which may first be noticed during physical activity but can eventually occur even at rest.

2. A chronic dry cough that does not produce mucus.

3. Unusual fatigue, even after minimal exertion.

4. As the disease advances, breathing may become more rapid and shallow.

5. Unexplained weight loss may occur due to breathing difficulties and a decreased appetite.

6. In some instances, the tips of the fingers and toes may exhibit enlargement and rounding, a condition known as clubbing.

The causes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are varied and can include several factors.

Causes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Here are some common causes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

1. Smoking

Smoking is a prominent risk factor associated with the onset of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), as indicated by research published in BMC Report. Although the precise mechanisms remain unclear, it is thought that the toxic substances present in cigarette smoke can harm the fragile lung tissues, resulting in inflammation and fibrosis. This persistent irritation and damage may initiate a series of biological responses that ultimately lead to the development of scar tissue, which is a significant concern in IPF.

It is crucial to recognize that the risk is not confined to individuals who currently smoke. Those who have previously smoked also face a heightened risk of developing IPF compared to non-smokers. The likelihood of developing IPF increases with the duration and intensity of smoking.

2. Environmental exposures

Certain environmental factors can considerably elevate the risk of developing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). These factors include exposure to industrial dust, chemicals, and fumes. According to general physician Dr. Tushar Tayal, inhaling particles such as silica (commonly found in sand, stone, and concrete), asbestos, and coal dust—often encountered in construction, mining, and manufacturing—can lead to chronic lung inflammation and scarring. Additionally, exposure to specific chemicals used in agricultural practices can adversely affect lung tissue. Inhalation of fumes from welding, soldering, or various industrial activities can also irritate the lungs and contribute to the onset of IPF.

The level of risk associated with these exposures can vary based on the particular substance, as well as the duration and intensity of exposure. Individuals working in environments with potential hazards should take appropriate precautions, including the use of protective equipment and ensuring proper ventilation.

3. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a persistent condition characterized by the backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn. A study published in the journal Respiratory Medicine indicates that GERD may significantly contribute to the onset of lung fibrosis. It is essential to recognize that while GERD can be a contributing factor for certain individuals, it is not the exclusive cause of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Other elements, including smoking and environmental factors, also play critical roles in the progression of this intricate lung condition.

How to prevent idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Here are several straightforward prevention strategies to help reduce the risk.

• Smoking is a significant risk factor for IPF. Ceasing smoking is vital for maintaining lung health and can greatly lower the likelihood of developing this condition.
• Reduce exposure to environmental irritants such as industrial dust, chemicals, and fumes. Utilize appropriate protective equipment when necessary and ensure proper ventilation in occupational settings.
• If you suffer from GERD, collaborate with your healthcare provider to manage your condition effectively. This may include lifestyle modifications, medications, or other interventions aimed at alleviating acid reflux.
• Adopt a healthy lifestyle by consuming a balanced diet abundant in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Engage in regular physical activity to support lung function and overall well-being. Ensure adequate sleep to bolster your immune system.

Note: These are general prevention recommendations. For specific concerns regarding your risk for IPF, please consult a healthcare professional for tailored advice.

Read Also: Check out these 5 celebrity skincare routines you can easily adopt, featuring stars like Alia Bhatt and Deepika Padukone.