Temperatures are rising and setting new records this April, with the peak of summer still ahead. This period can be particularly daunting, especially for vulnerable populations. One of the groups most affected is expectant mothers. The intense heat and blazing sun make it challenging for these women, who need to nourish and hydrate for both themselves and their developing babies, increasing their risk of dehydration.

In a recent interview, Dr. Meenakshi Kamath, MBBS, DGO, Senior Consultant in Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Apollo Specialty Hospitals Pvt Ltd in Bangalore, highlighted some signs of dehydration to watch for and offered nutritional advice to help mitigate risks.

She stated, "Expectant mothers experience various physical changes, including regular body aches, weight gain, hormonal fluctuations, and more during pregnancy. Hot weather combined with inadequate nutrition complicates their ability to meet physical demands. Additionally, fluid loss from sweating can heighten the risks associated with dehydration and fatigue. Thus, it is crucial for expectant mothers to maintain adequate hydration and a balanced diet during the summer months."

Signs of dehydration in expecting mothers

Dehydration poses significant risks to both maternal and fetal health, making it essential to prioritize proper hydration.

Dr. Meenakshi Kamath emphasized, “Maintaining hydration during pregnancy is vital for the well-being of both the mother and the baby. Insufficient fluid intake can result in preterm labor, reduced amniotic fluid, and low birth weight. Consuming 8 to 12 cups (64 to 96 ounces) of water each day is important for regulating and stabilizing body temperature.”

Dr. Kamath outlined several early indicators of dehydration in pregnant women:

● A dry mouth or increased thirst

● Dark yellow urine or reduced urination frequency

● Fatigue or dizziness

● Headaches or migraines

● Dry, flushed skin

● Constipation or difficulty with bowel movements

● Cramps or muscle spasms

● Swollen ankles or feet (often mistaken for typical pregnancy swelling but may also indicate dehydration)

Nutrition

To effectively manage hydration, it is important to choose the right foods and beverages that help combat heat and maintain fluid balance.

Dr. Kamath provided the following nutritional advice:

• Consuming smaller, more frequent meals can help sustain energy levels and prevent overheating. 
• Foods such as cucumbers, watermelons, and oranges are hydrating and have high water content. They are also rich in vitamins that promote bone health, boost immunity, and aid digestion. 
• Coconut water is beneficial as it helps maintain electrolyte balance and can prevent muscle cramps. 
• Spinach, a nutrient-rich leafy green, is high in folate and iron, both of which are essential for fetal development and the prevention of anemia. 
• To stay hydrated, opt for water, herbal tea, or coconut water instead of sugary sodas or juices, which can lead to unnecessary sugar consumption and energy dips. 
• While it is crucial to keep electrolyte levels balanced, be cautious of excessive salt intake, as high sodium levels can cause bloating and increased swelling. 
• Incorporating healthy fats from sources such as avocados, nuts, and seeds can support brain development in children and provide energy for pregnant women during hot weather.

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