Even following effective treatments and interventions, there exists a particular type of cancer that can remain undetected within the body for extended periods before manifesting. This may seem alarming; however, a recent study conducted by Dr. Gary Luker at the University of Michigan reveals that this is a reality for patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

The research indicates that these dormant cancer cells can remain inactive in the body for years, ultimately leading to a recurrence of breast cancer. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of improved cancer therapies aimed at preventing the resurgence of these cells.

Findings of the study:

The research highlights a common misconception that successful cancer treatments imply the complete eradication of the disease from the body. In the case of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, the situation is more complex. These cancer cells can reside within the bone marrow for years, or even decades, before re-emerging.

Dr. Gary Luker, the senior author of the study, stated in a press release, “The cancer cells physically borrow molecules—proteins, messenger RNA—directly from the mesenchymal stem cells. Essentially, the mesenchymal stem cells act as very generous neighbors in donating elements that enhance the aggressiveness and drug resistance of the cancer cells.”

What helps these cancer cells survive?

Through laboratory investigations, the researchers identified a crucial protein known as GIV or Girdin, which plays a significant role in the survival of these cancer cells. GIV confers resistance to estrogen-targeted therapies such as Tamoxifen, allowing these cells to persist in the body for years. Additionally, these cancer cells utilize cellular tunnels to extract vital proteins from stem cells located in the bone marrow.

The study is a wake-up call:

This research extends beyond theoretical implications; with further investigation, it has the potential to transform cancer treatment by specifically targeting these elusive cancer cells that remain hidden for years before reappearing. Such advancements could significantly mitigate the disease and prevent the recurrence of breast cancer following initial treatment.

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