Newborn jaundice usually shows up within 24 to 48 hours after a baby is born and is quite common. In a chat with an Lifestyle Magazine, Dr. Astha Dayal, who heads obstetrics and gynecology at CK Birla Hospital Gurgaon, explained, “The skin and eyes may appear yellow due to elevated bilirubin levels in the blood. While this condition is generally harmless and resolves on its own, very high bilirubin can sometimes lead to serious issues like kernicterus, which can harm the brain. Therefore, it’s crucial to identify jaundice early and reach out to your pediatrician.”

Identifying the signs of jaundice in infants:

Yellow discoloration: Parents can spot rising jaundice levels at home by noticing a yellow tint on their baby's skin and the whites of their eyes. A gentle press on the baby's forehead or nose can help. It's best to check in bright, natural light. If the skin appears yellow when pressed, it indicates mild jaundice.

Jaundice progression: Jaundice typically starts at the head and moves downward. Doctors can assess the severity of jaundice by observing the spread of yellow beyond the face and chest, extending to areas below the belly button, as well as the arms and legs.

Urine and stool color: A newborn's urine should be clear, while their stool should be yellow or orange. If the urine is yellow or the stool is pale, it may signal jaundice.

Sleepiness and feeding issues: Newborns with jaundice might seem more lethargic and struggle with feeding, which can lead to dehydration and worsen jaundice.

Measuring bilirubin levels: Doctors can estimate bilirubin levels using an icterometer or a transcutaneous bilirubinometer (TcB). This device measures bilirubin in the skin through light reflection, offering a quick and non-invasive evaluation. If the levels are elevated, a blood test can confirm the findings.

Handling jaundice in infants:

• Keeping the baby hydrated and ensuring they’re feeding well is crucial for lowering bilirubin levels by encouraging bowel movements.
• Regular breastfeeding can help manage mild jaundice. However, in more serious situations, phototherapy—where the baby is exposed to special lights that help break down bilirubin—becomes necessary.
• If bilirubin levels are extremely high (over 20 mg/dL) or if phototherapy isn’t working, an exchange transfusion might be required to quickly lower those levels and avoid kernicterus. Also check out | Newborn fitness tips: Top 12 ways for baby health and wellness.

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