HMPV cases in India: Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a virus that produces symptoms akin to those of a common cold. Instances of HMPV have been reported in India. The predominant symptoms associated with HMPV include cough, fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath. In the majority of adults, HMPV typically results in mild symptoms.

What is HMPV?

Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a prevalent respiratory virus that generally leads to mild symptoms resembling those of a cold. Research indicates that it has been present in human populations since the 1970s, although it was first identified by researchers in 2001. The virus is responsible for 4-16% of acute respiratory infections worldwide, with incidence rates usually peaking from November to May. While most adults have developed immunity due to prior exposure, hMPV can lead to more severe symptoms in infants experiencing it for the first time and in individuals with compromised immune systems.

Can HMPV affect eyes?

In a discussion with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Karthikeya R, Senior Consultant at Sharp Sight Eye Hospitals, stated, “Although primarily associated with respiratory issues, HMPV has been connected to ocular complications in certain cases. Patients have reported experiencing symptoms such as redness, swelling, light sensitivity, and blurred vision during or following HMPV infections. These symptoms may suggest conditions like conjunctivitis (pink eye), keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), or even optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerve).”

Who are at risk?

“The likelihood of such complications is elevated among individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy, as well as children and older adults whose immune responses may be less robust. If these conditions are not addressed promptly, they can lead to long-term vision issues, highlighting the importance of seeking timely medical care,” Dr. Karthikeya R added.

Early detection is the key

The prompt identification of HMPV-related ocular complications is of utmost importance. "Individuals who experience any eye discomfort in conjunction with respiratory symptoms should seek prompt medical assistance. Regular ophthalmic examinations during outbreaks, particularly for those in high-risk categories, can facilitate the early detection and treatment of issues before they worsen. Given the absence of a vaccine for HMPV, implementing preventive strategies remains the most effective method for controlling its transmission. As Human Metapneumovirus continues to be a focal point in global health discussions, its wider implications for eye health underscore the necessity for a holistic approach to managing this virus. In addition to respiratory care, incorporating eye examinations and enhancing awareness of potential complications can significantly reduce long-term risks," stated Dr. Karthikeya R.

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