Tuberculosis is a communicable bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily impacting the lungs and transmitted through the air, particularly when an infected individual sneezes, coughs, or spits. Despite its significance, the impact of nutrition on tuberculosis treatment is often overlooked.

Dr. Rishabh Raj, a consultant in chest medicine and critical care at K J Somaiya Hospital & Research Centre, stated, “Malnutrition is a significant risk factor contributing to the onset of tuberculosis. Inadequate nutritional intake leads to weakened immunity, making individuals more susceptible to the disease and hindering their recovery.”

Importance of nutrition in treating tuberculosis:

Dr. Rishabh Raj emphasized the critical role of a nutritious diet in the recovery process for tuberculosis patients. He stated that a protein-rich diet is essential for strengthening immunity against the tubercle bacilli and plays a significant role in the healing process. Additionally, a balanced diet offers a natural supply of vitamins and micronutrients that enhance the body’s ability to tolerate anti-tubercular treatment.

Dietary practices to support recovery from tuberculosis:

• High protein intake is a must for patients suffering from tuberculosis, with a recommended protein intake of 1 gram per kilogram of body weight per day.
• For people who consume non-vegetarian food, the diet should contain eggs, white meat and fish.
• Red meat should be consumed in moderation as it can result in increased uric acid levels, which leads to side effects with the anti-tubercular medications.
• For vegetarians, the diet should be rich in green leafy vegetables, pulses, soya, and cottage cheese.
• People can also consider taking vitamin supplements in the form of multivitamin tablets with a special emphasis on vitamin B6. 
• Patients are not able to consume a lot of food at once due to the ongoing anti-tubercular therapy. Thus, they are counselled to have small but frequent meals that are rich in protein and nutrients.
• Alcohol and smoking should be strictly avoided during treatment.

How nutrition can be added to tuberculosis treatment?

• Patients suffering from tuberculosis can be provided with protein powder along with the anti-tubercular therapy to supplement the increased protein requirement.
• All patients should be counselled about the need for a healthy diet and to focus on consuming protein rich food at frequent intervals.

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