Smoking is a detrimental habit that leads to various health issues, particularly affecting the heart and lungs. However, the impact of cigarettes on mental health is often overlooked and is essential to comprehend. In a discussion with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Sameer Malhotra, Senior Director and Head of the Department of Mental Health and Behavioral Sciences at Max Super Specialty Hospital in Saket, stated, “Nicotine, as a stimulant, causes blood vessel constriction, disrupting blood flow to both the peripheral regions of the body and the brain. Additionally, smoking is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, which involves plaque buildup in the blood vessels, further limiting blood circulation to different body areas.”

Moreover, smoking cigarettes has significant implications for mental health:

Memory dysfunction:

The elevated levels of carbon monoxide in the bloodstream due to smoking hinder oxygen delivery, leading to long-term memory impairment for those who smoke. Research indicates that smokers may experience a reduction in grey matter volume, a condition known as cerebral atrophy.

Anxiety and stress:

The emotional well-being of smokers is also compromised, as nicotine is associated with neurochemical imbalances in the brain, affecting dopamine and norepinephrine levels. This disruption can result in heightened anxiety, tremors, and stress-related disorders.

Mood disorders:

Smoking notably raises the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha, which contribute to chronic inflammation. This inflammation can damage the blood-brain barrier, resulting in neuroinflammation that is linked to cognitive and memory issues, increased vulnerability to mood disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Difficulty in concentrating:

The belief that smoking enhances concentration is a misconception. Many individuals use this notion as a justification for their cravings to smoke when they experience difficulty focusing.

Disrupts sleep:

As a stimulant, nicotine can make it challenging for smokers to fall asleep at night. Smoking is linked to various sleep disturbances and conditions such as parasomnia.

Schizophrenia:

A significant correlation exists between smoking and schizophrenia, with individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia being more prone to excessive smoking.

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