
Holi 2025: Does Bhang Increase Lung Cancer Risk? Doctor Breaks It Down
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Holi 2025: The vibrant festival of Holi is approaching, and many individuals have already begun their celebrations. Each year, this festival of colors is marked with great enthusiasm and splendor across the nation. Activities such as playing with colors, engaging in water balloon fights, consuming bhang, and enjoying Holi-themed delicacies make it one of the most anticipated festivals of the year.
Bhang, a popular beverage during Holi, is created by combining cannabis with sweets or Thandai. While bhang has been an integral part of Indian culture and Holi celebrations for centuries, there is growing concern regarding its health implications.
In an interview, Dr. Mahavir Modi, a pulmonologist and sleep specialist at Ruby Hall Clinic in Pune, stated, “Bhang is made from the leaves and flowers of the cannabis sativa plant and is typically incorporated into drinks like bhang thandai or sweets. Unlike smoking cannabis, which has a direct impact on the lungs, bhang is generally consumed, allowing its effects to be absorbed through the digestive system. Nevertheless, it still contains cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which influence both the brain and body.”
Can bhang lead to lung cancer risk?
The doctor emphasized that the main issue concerning cannabis and lung cancer is related to smoking rather than oral consumption. He elaborated on the associated risks:
Smoking versus ingestion:
Inhaling cannabis smoke introduces the lungs to harmful substances, including tar and carcinogens, which are also present in tobacco, thereby potentially heightening the risk of lung cancer. In contrast, consuming bhang orally avoids exposure to smoke and tar, thereby minimizing the likelihood of direct lung injury.
The role of cannabinoids:
Certain studies indicate that cannabinoids, the active ingredients in cannabis, may possess anti-inflammatory and even anti-cancer effects. Nevertheless, other research suggests that prolonged and excessive use of cannabis could weaken the immune system, resulting in cellular alterations that might increase the risk of cancer in specific instances.

Contaminants and adulteration:
The risks associated with bhang consumption during Holi are influenced by its purity and method of preparation. When bhang is combined with tobacco or other harmful substances, it may indirectly elevate the risk of lung cancer.
Additional health risks linked to bhang consumption include:
Although the likelihood of developing lung cancer from ingested bhang is low, excessive intake can lead to:
- Cognitive impairment: This may manifest as temporary confusion and altered perception.
- Increased heart rate: This can heighten the risk of cardiovascular issues.
- Digestive disturbances: Symptoms may include nausea and vomiting.
- Psychiatric effects: Some individuals may experience anxiety or paranoia.
Dr. Mahavir Modi noted, "For those who consume bhang occasionally during Holi, the risk of lung cancer is minimal since it is not smoked. However, individuals with pre-existing health conditions, compromised immune systems, or a history of substance abuse should approach its consumption with caution."
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